The forest ecosystems of Andalusia are essential element of Earth system, since they provide ecosystem services key to the development of human activity. It is essential to design mechanisms that allow active and adaptive management of natural resources. Only in this way biodiversity, may be preserved as required by international law. In the same way, the implementation of these management tools will allow a multifunctional use of forest resources, as well as the exploitation (beekeeping, livestock, etc.). All this must take into account global change scenarios that we will face in the coming decades. In this sense, it is essential to implement protocols of mitigation the impacts more negative (forest fires, pests, forest decay, etc.) and adaptation for future scenarios (climate change, socio-economic changes, changes of use of soil, etc.).]